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Get to know Brahma, the god of creation, and his role in the Hindu pantheon. This article provides a comprehensive overview.
In Hinduism, Brahma is one of the three major Gods known as the Trimurthys.
The other two Gods are Vishnu and Shiva.
Brahma is the creator of the universe, while Vishnu is the preserver and Shiva is the destroyer.
Together, they represent the cycle of birth, life, and death.
This legend is part of Devi Purana, Skandha 1.
At the beginning of creation Mahavishnu lay on a Banyan leaf in the cosmic waters assuming the form of a child.
He started wondering - 'Who am I?'
'Who created me?'
'What is the purpose of my creation?'
'What am I supposed to do?'
At that time an oracle was heard.
'Everything is me, there is nothing else.'
Then Devi appeared before him.
She had four hands holding shankha, chakra, gada, and padma.
21 Shaktis such as Buddhi and Kirthi accompanied her.
Devi told Vishnu - 'There is nothing to wonder about.'
Every time the universe comes into existence, you assume this form.'
'It seems you have just forgotten everything.'
'You have originated from Paramatma.'
'Paramatma is without a body, qualities, and attributes.'
'But we all have bodies, qualities, and attributes.'
'You are of sattwik nature, equanimous.'
'From your navel, Brahma will be born.'
'He will be of rajasik nature, active and with emotions.'
'From the middle of Brahma's eyebrows, Rudra will be born.'
'He will be of tamasik nature and will possess the power to destroy everything.'
'Brahma through the power acquired through tapas will create the world.'
'You will administer it.'
'At the end of the lifetime of the universe, Rudra will destroy it.'
A lotus emerged from the navel of Vishnu.
Brahma appeared on it.
He did tapas to propitiate Vishnu and Devi.
They granted him the power to create.
It was Brahma who encouraged Valmiki to compose the Ramayana.
Valmiki cursed a hunter who had killed one among a pair of birds.
His curse came out in the form of a poetic stanza.
This was the first ever poem composed.
When Brahma heard this, he encouraged Valmiki to compose the life story of Lord Rama in the same format (poem).
That is Ramayana.
Ravana did tapas to propitiate Brahma.
He asked for a boon from Brahma that no Deva, Asura, Gandharwa, or Yaksha should be able to kill him.
Brahma granted him this boon.
But Ravana had forgotten to include 'man' in his list.
That's why Lord Vishnu incarnated in the form of man (Rama) and killed him.
In the beginning, Brahma also had five heads like Rudra.
Once, Brahma and Vishnu had an altercation as to who was superior among them.
While they were fighting a huge pillar of fire (Shiva Linga) appeared before them.
It appeared beginningless and endless.
Vishnu took the form of a boar and went looking for its base.
Brahma went looking for its top.
Vishnu came back unsuccessful.
While going up, Brahma saw a flower falling down.
He picked it up, came back and lied that he had collected it from the top of the Linga.
Rudra punished him for telling a lie by plucking his fifth head.
Vijayalakshmi, the goddess of victory had become negligent in her duties.
Brahma cursed her and she took birth as Lankalakshmi.
She became the guard at the gate of Ravana's palace.
She got relief from the curse when Hanuman struck her when she tried to stop him.
Himavan had three daughters: Kutila, Ragini, and Parvathy.
All three of them observed tapas together to get Shiva as their husband.
The Devas first took Kutila to Brahma.
Brahma said that she is not strong enough to bear a child from Shiva.
Brahma told her to refrain from further tapas.
She did not agree.
Brahma turned her into water in Satyaloka.
Then the Devas took Ragini to Brahma.
Brahma gave the same verdict about her also.
She also did not obey.
Brahma turned her into the twilight.
Parvathy was the eligible one and she became the wife of Shiva.
Brahma blesses Parvathy with a fair complexion
Devi Parvathy was originally of dark complexion (Kali).
Once, Shiva teased her about this.
She did tapas propitiated Brahma and got a fair complexion (Gowri).
Brahmaloka is also known as Satyaloka and Manovati.
Above Bhuloka is Bhuvarloka.
Then, Swarloka, Maharloka, Janaloka, Tapoloka.
Above Tapoloka is Brahma's Satyaloka.
It is surrounded in the eight directions by the Lokas of the 8 Dikpalas.
The day of Brahma is 4.32 billion human years (Kalpa)
The night of Brahma is also 4.32 billion human years.
A full day of Brahma is 8.64 billion human years.
Such 360 days make one year of Brahma.
Brahma lives for a hundred such years.
Brahma's creation are of two types -
Sarga - this creation takes place once in the morning of the very first day of Brahma and lasts till his lifetime (100 years).
Pratisarga - this creation happens at the beginning of each Kalpa and is dissolved at its end.
In conclusion, Brahma is an important God in Hinduism, representing the creator of the universe.
His role in the creation of the universe, as well as his age and time units, are described in various texts and stories.
Despite being one of the three major deities in Hinduism, Brahma is not as widely worshiped as Vishnu and Shiva, perhaps due to the belief that his work of creation is completed at the beginning of each kalpa. Nonetheless, his influence on Hindu thought and culture is significant.
Brahma is Ravana's great-grandfather. Ravana's grandfather Pulastya is Brahma's son.
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